The skin is indeed a widely explored route of administration, as it has no gastrointestinal side effects, avoids active ingredient
metabolization through first pass effect. Semisolid treatments like lotions and ointments overcome some difficulties with
additional constraints. An emulgel is a two-phase system in which an emulsion is entrapped within a matrix of an outer gel. The
ability of novel polymers to gel allows for the preparation of stable emulsions and creams by reducing surface and interfacial
tension while increasing overall the viscosity of the aqueous phase, which has sparked a lot of interest in their use as emulsifiers
and thickeners in recent years

Modern medicine, the formulation requirements were rigorous, and tablet and capsule medication has many advantages over
powder and pill medications. Tablets are the most popular form of pharmaceutical dosage form in the world, taking up the
largest share of all pharmaceutical dosage forms. Deliver drugs with low molecular weight and high permeability. It is also
possible to improve powder compressibility during tablet formation by using powder granulations, which provide this free flow,
increase material density, and increase material density during tablet formation

The Objective of this study was to reduce the scores of pain and exposure of opioids in the spinal surgery patients, as well as opioid-related adverse events (Nausea, Constipation and Vomiting sense). The drug has been administered (i. v.) to 20 spinal surgery patients since it was added to our formulary. To collect post-operative opioid consumption, anti-emetic also the doses of laxatives, naloxone. The electronic medical records of all patients who received a dose preoperatively or postoperatively were accessed to access their VAS pain scores from arrival on the surgical unit to the second postoperative day. Patients who did not receive any drugs were matched with an equivalent number of patients who did not use opioids before admission, age, sex, surgery type, and surgeon. Drug by injection group and control group showed a significant difference (p=0.015) in opioid usage. The use of anti-emetics, laxative, and the scores of VAS did not differ significantly between the two groups. IP drugs may decrease opioid exposure after spinal surgery, but they do not reduce opioid-related pain or adverse effects afterward

Pharmaceutical care services for asthma patients are implemented and assessed in hospital settings. The study consisted of a prospective, randomized, controlled design. In the intervention group (30 patients) or the control group (20 patients), random assignments were made based on the number of participants. Pharmacy intervention suggestions were made to attending physicians based on a pharmacist review of asthma drug therapy for patients in the intervention group. Asthma education and medication counselling were provided regularly to intervention patients, while routine consultations and dispenses were provided to the control group. Both groups were followed up every two weeks for six months following baseline testing with a structured form. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 13. Significant levels were set at 0.05. As a result of the intervention, the study group had a significantly greater reduction in acute attacks, nocturnal asthma symptoms, and inhalation of 2 agonists per week than the control group at the end. The mean number of days sick per week decreased significantly (p=0.002) within the intervention group, whereas it increased within the control group. There was a greater improvement in inhalation technique, asthma knowledge, and drug therapy in the intervention group compared with the control group (p 0.001). It is possible that pharmacists' interventions might positively impact asthmatic patients' lives

There are several medicines available without a prescription to the general public that are governed by "guidance" for their supply developed by the Pharmaceutical Society. These guidelines have only been evaluated in limited research studies from the perspective of pharmacy practice in relation to the provision of medication. Objectives: In community pharmacies with and without guidelines, to determine how anti-fungal medications are available for the treatment of vaginal thrush. In addition, this study described how patients were assessed and counseled when requesting this medication. Methods: An experiment was conducted in which two simulated patients visited 50 randomly selected community pharmacies. Fluconazole & clotrimazole are requested on a product-by-product basis. Both requests used the same patient information. This study measured the appropriateness of the supply and referral to a medical professional. Results: An overall 15% (n=8) of visits resulted in a positive outcome. Fluconazole was requested 11% (n=3), clotrimazole 21% (n=5) (chi-square=2.35, p=0.10). During fluconazole and clotrimazole visits, pharmacy staff performed different types of assessments. Taking clotrimazole resulted in a significant increase in frequency for assessing the reason for requesting the medication (chi-square=8.49, p=0.003), the location of symptoms (chi-square=8.31, p=0.004), and prior history (chi-square=5.11, p=0.02). Conclusions: Pharmacies were generally supplying antifungal medications in an inappropriate manner. It is necessary to create new strategies to improve the provision of nonprescription antifungals in community pharmacies for the treatment of vaginal thrush